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JavaScript - Math.tan() method example

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Created by:
Evania
584

Math.tan() is static method that takes only one parameter and returns approximated value of tangent mathematical function. 

// ONLINE-RUNNER:browser;

console.log( Math.tan( 0                  ) ); //     0 <-    0 degrees
console.log( Math.tan( 0.7853981633974483 ) ); //    ~1 <-  ~45 degrees ==  PI / 4
console.log( Math.tan( 1.5707963267948966 ) ); // ~+Inf <-  ~90 degrees ==  PI / 2

console.log( Math.tan(-0.7853981633974483 ) ); //   ~-1 <- ~-45 degrees == -PI / 4
console.log( Math.tan(-1.5707963267948966 ) ); // ~-Inf <- ~-90 degrees == -PI / 2

Note: 0.9999999999999999, 16331239353195370, -0.9999999999999999 and -16331239353195370 should be equal to 1, +Inf, -1 and -Inf but they are not because of compuptation precision error.


1. Documentation

SyntaxMath.tan(number)
Parametersnumber - integer or float number value in radians (primitive value).
Resultnumber value calculated as tan(x) mathematical function (primitive value).
DescriptionMath.tan() is static method that takes only one parameter and returns approximated value of tangent mathematical function.

2. Working with radians

// ONLINE-RUNNER:browser;

var x1 = 0.0;          // beginning of calculation in radians
var x2 = Math.PI / 2;  // ending of calculation radians

var dx = Math.PI / 36; // calculation step in degrees

for (var rad = x1; rad <= x2; rad += dx) {
  	var y = Math.tan(rad);
  
	console.log('tan(' + rad + ' rad) = ' + y);
}

3. Working with degrees

// ONLINE-RUNNER:browser;

function calculateTan(deg) {
	var radians = (Math.PI / 180) * deg;
  
  	return Math.tan(radians);
}

// Example:

var x1 = 0.0;  // beginning of calculation in degrees
var x2 = 90.0; // ending of calculation degrees

var dx = 5.0;  // calculation step in degrees

for (var deg = x1; deg  <= x2; deg  += dx) {
	var y = calculateTan(deg );
  
  	console.log('tan(' + deg + ' deg) = ' + y);
}

4. Reversed console plot example

// ONLINE-RUNNER:browser;

var x1 = -3.14 * 2; // beginning of sine chart
var x2 = +3.14 * 2; // end of sine chart

var y1 = -4.0;
var y2 = +4.0;

var xSteps = 60;
var ySteps = 60;

var dx = (x2 - x1) / xSteps; // x axis step
var dy = (y2 - y1) / ySteps; // y axis step

function printLine(y1, y2, character) {
	var line = '';
  
  	for(var y = y1; y < y2; y += dy) {
    	line += ' ';
    }
  
    console.log(line + character);
}

for (var rad = x1; rad < x2; rad += dx) {
  	var y = Math.tan(rad);
  
  	if (y <= y1 || y >= y2) {
        console.log(' ');
    } else {
    	printLine(y1, y, '+');
    }
}

5. Canvas plot example

// ONLINE-RUNNER:browser;

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
  <style> #canvas { border: 1px solid black; } </style>
</head>
<body>
  <canvas id="canvas" width="150" height="400"></canvas>
  <script>
    
    var canvas = document.querySelector('#canvas');
    var context = canvas.getContext('2d');

    // tangent chart range
    var x1 = -Math.PI / 2; // -90 degress
    var x2 = +Math.PI / 2; // +90 degress
    var y1 = -10.0;
    var y2 = +10.0;

    var dx = 0.05;

    var xRange = x2 - x1;
    var yRange = y2 - y1;
    
    var yScale = 1.0;

    function calculatePoint(x) {
      var y = Math.tan(x) * yScale;

      // chart will be reversed horizontaly because of reversed canvas pixels

      var nx = (x - x1) / xRange;       // normalized x
      var ny = 1.0 - (y - y1) / yRange; // normalized y
      
      var point = {
        x: nx * canvas.width,
        y: ny * canvas.height
      };

      return point;
    }

    console.log('x range: <' + x1 + '; ' + x2 + '> // angles in radians');
    console.log('y range: <' + y1 + '; ' + y2 + '>');

    var point = calculatePoint(x1);
    
    context.beginPath();
    context.moveTo(point.x, point.y);

    for (var x = x1 + dx; x < x2; x += dx) {
      point = calculatePoint(x);
      context.lineTo(point.x, point.y);
    }

    point = calculatePoint(x2);
    context.lineTo(point.x, point.y);
    context.stroke();

  </script>
</body>
</html>

See also

  1. JavaScript - Math.atan() method example
  2. JavaScript - Math.atan2() method example

References

  1. Trigonometric functions - Wikipedia

Alternative titles

  1. JavaScript - tangent function example
  2. JavaScript - Math.tan() documentation with examples
  3. js - Math.tan() method documentation with examples
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