Bash - get protocol name from given URL

In this article, we would like to show you how to get protocol name from given URL in Bash.

Quick solution:

echo 'https://dirask.com/about' | awk 'match($0,/^([a-z]+):\/\/(www\.)?[^:?#/]+/,g){print g[1]}'

Practical example

In this solution, we use match() function that lets to use regular expression with groups support.

#!/bin/bash

echo 'https://dirask.com' | awk 'match($0,/^([a-z]+):\/\/(www\.)?[^:?#/]+/,g){print g[1]}'
echo 'https://dirask.com/about' | awk 'match($0,/^([a-z]+):\/\/(www\.)?[^:?#/]+/,g){print g[1]}'
echo 'https://www.dirask.com' | awk 'match($0,/^([a-z]+):\/\/(www\.)?[^:?#/]+/,g){print g[1]}'
echo 'https://www.dirask.com/about' | awk 'match($0,/^([a-z]+):\/\/(www\.)?[^:?#/]+/,g){print g[1]}'

Output:

https
https
https
https

Reusable example

#!/bin/bash

function get_protocol() {
    echo "$1" | awk 'match($0,/^([a-z]+):\/\/(www\.)?[^:?#/]+/,g){print g[1]}'
}


# Usage example 1:

get_protocol 'https://dirask.com'
get_protocol 'https://dirask.com/about'
get_protocol 'https://www.dirask.com'
get_protocol 'https://www.dirask.com/about'


# Usage example 2:

protocol_1="$(get_protocol 'https://dirask.com')"
protocol_2="$(get_protocol 'https://dirask.com/about')"
protocol_3="$(get_protocol 'https://www.dirask.com')"
protocol_4="$(get_protocol 'https://www.dirask.com/about')"

echo $protocol_1
echo $protocol_2
echo $protocol_3
echo $protocol_4

Output:

https
https
https
https

https
https
https
https

See also

1. Bash - get domain name from given URL

2. Bash - get path name from given URL

3. Bash - get location origin from given URL