JavaScript - Soundex algorithm implementation

In this short article, we would like to show how to implement the Soundex algorithm in JavaScript.

Below algorithm calculates Soundex code for indicated string.

Soundex codes can be used to:

• check words similarity (as an alternative: fuzzy comparison with bigrams),
• build fuzzy searching in databases,
• implement fuzzy map data structure (e.g. FuzzyHashMap).

Note: that algorithm works well for English words.

Example implementation: 

// ONLINE-RUNNER:browser;

const findStartingCode = (word) => {
  	return word[0].toUpperCase();
};

const findLetterCode = (letter) => {
	switch (letter.toUpperCase()) {
		case 'B':
		case 'F':
		case 'P':
		case 'V':
			return '1';
		case 'C':
		case 'G':
		case 'J':
		case 'K':
		case 'Q':
		case 'S':
		case 'X':
		case 'Z':
			return '2';
		case 'D':
		case 'T':
			return '3';
		case 'L':
			return '4';
		case 'M':
		case 'N':
			return '5';
		case 'R':
			return '6';
		default:
			return null;
	}
};

const calculateSoundexCode = (word) => {
  	if (word) {
        let wordCode = findStartingCode(word);
        let lastCode = findLetterCode(wordCode); // wordCode contains one letter at the begining
        for (let i = 1; i < word.length; ++i) {
            const letterCode = findLetterCode(word[i]);
            if (letterCode && letterCode != lastCode) {
                wordCode += letterCode;
                if (wordCode.length == 4) {
                    break;
                }
            }
            lastCode = letterCode;
        }
        for (let i = wordCode.length; i < 4; ++i) {
            wordCode += '0';
        }
        return wordCode;
    }
  	return null;
};


// Usage example:

console.log(calculateSoundexCode('Robert'));    // R163
console.log(calculateSoundexCode('Rupert'));    // R163
console.log(calculateSoundexCode('Rubin'));     // R150
console.log(calculateSoundexCode('Ashcraft'));  // A226
console.log(calculateSoundexCode('Ashcroft'));  // A226
console.log(calculateSoundexCode('Tymczak'));   // T522
console.log(calculateSoundexCode('Pfister'));   // P236
console.log(calculateSoundexCode('Honeyman'));  // H555

See also

1. JavaScript - check words similarity (fuzzy compare with bigrams)

2. JavaScript - calculates Levenshtein distance between strings

References

1. Soundex - Wikipedia